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This guidance summarises the three main, evidence-based approaches that can be used for the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the SPICTTM into different languages and for diverse healthcare systems internationally.

Download (PDF, opens in new window): Translating & Adapting SPICT April 2018

  • A multi-disciplinary team approach and clear process recording are essential.
  • Select the method which best fits your circumstances and resources.

World Health Organisation: Process of translation and adaptation of instruments.
Beaton DE et al: Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures.
Mohler P et al: TRAPD Team Translation Model – Guidelines for Best Practice in Cross-Cultural Surveys. 

All methods incorporate 3 phases and 7 structured steps:-

Phase I

Step 1: Translation Step 2:
Expert review

Phase II

Step 3:
Back-translation and revision
Step 4:
Pre-testing (e.g. standardized case vignettes, or examples from small clinical practice tests)

Phase III

Step 5:
Final version
Step 6:
Process appraisal and documentation
Step 7:
Implementation and review

Examples:

  • Bergenholtz H, Weibull A, Raunkiær M. Supportive and palliative care indicators tool (SPICT™) in a Danish healthcare context: translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and content validation. BMC Palliat Care 21, 41 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-00931-6
  • Sripaew, S., Fumaneeshoat, O. & Ingviya, T. Systematic adaptation of the Thai version of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool for low-income settings (SPICT-LIS). BMC Palliat Care 2035 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-021-00729-y
  • Alonso Fachado A, Sansó Martínez N, Martín Roselló M, et al. Spanish adaptation and validation of the supportive & palliative care indicators tool – SPICT-ES. Rev Saude Publica; 52. Epub ahead of print 2018. DOI: 10.11606/S1518-8787.2018052000398.
  • Afshar K, Feichtner A, Boyd K, et al. Systematic development and adjustment of the German version of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT-DE). BMC Palliat Care 2018; 17: 27. DOI: 10.1186/s12904-018-0283-7
  • Casale G, Magnani C, Fanelli R, et al.Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT™): content validity, feasibility and pre-test of the Italian version. BMC Palliative Care  19, 79 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-020-00584-3

Presentations from SPICT Conference 2018: Workshop on translation and adaptation of SPICT

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